: Requires livestock be rendered unconscious before slaughter, though it excludes poultry.
Animal welfare focuses on the physical and mental well-being of animals while acknowledging their use by humans for food, research, and companionship. It is a scientifically measurable concept that assesses how an animal is "coping" with its environment. Animal Welfare in the European Union Beyond the Cage: Navigating the Complex Landscape of
This article explores the history, principles, practical applications, and future of both movements, and asks a difficult question: In a world built on animal exploitation, what is our moral obligation? and future of both movements