1. The Critical Distinction: v1 vs. v2/v3

Fix:

The latest Kali uses a very new kernel. The ath9k_htc driver sometimes conflicts with mt7921u . Run:

single-chip 2.4 GHz 802.11n solution

QCA9565 is a typically found in laptops (e.g., as a PCIe combo with Bluetooth). In USB form (v2/v3), it’s rebranded and repurposed. The USB bridge and firmware are not the same as AR9271.

Part 3: macOS Driver (For the Hackintosh Users)

Always use the official TP-Link Download Center to ensure you have the latest and safest software. Download for TL-WN722N V4 - TP-Link

  1. Download the driver: Download the macOS driver from the TP-Link website.
  2. Run the installer: Run the downloaded file (e.g., "TL-WN722N_V1.2_Driver_MacOS.dmg").
  3. Follow the installation wizard: Follow the on-screen instructions to install the driver.

sudo airmon-ng start wlan0 sudo airodump-ng wlan0mon