Python 3 Deep Dive Part 4 Oop High Quality -

Python 3 Deep Dive – Part 4: Mastering Object-Oriented Programming for High-Quality Code

• Use @classmethod for alternate constructors that encapsulate complex creation logic.

Identity vs. Equality

Property vs descriptor:

Use property for single attribute validation. Use descriptor for reusable logic across many attributes.

def __set__(self, obj, value): self.validate(value) obj.__dict__[self.name] = value python 3 deep dive part 4 oop high quality

@classmethod def __subclasshook__(cls, C): # Allow duck typing: any class with draw() is a Drawable if any("draw" in B.__dict__ for B in C.__mro__): return True return NotImplemented Python 3 Deep Dive – Part 4: Mastering

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• getattr/ setattr/ delattr allow runtime access and mutation.
• getattr (called only when normal lookup fails) and getattribute (called for every access) let classes customize lookup; use getattribute sparingly because mistakes easily cause recursion.

(D, B, C, A, object)